UW Entomology

    University of Wisconsin-Madison

    UNIVERSITY of WISCONSIN-MADISON UW-MADISON

    Gene R. DeFoliart

    Professor Emeritus

    Gene R. DeFoliart (1925-2013) was a professor in the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Entomology from 1959 until his retirement in 1991. Dr. DeFoliart died on January 3, 2013.

    Type:

    Education and Prior Work

    After earning his Ph.D. at Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, he served eight years 1951-1959 on the faculty of the University of Wyoming in Laramie. In March, 1959 he arrived as associate professor of entomology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He became a full professor in 1966 and twice served as Chair of the Department of Entomology, from 1968 to 1976 and from January 1982 to December 1983.

    Research

    His teaching and research field was medical and veterinary entomology, and for the last 25 years at the UW before his retirement July 1, 1991, the research program focused on the vector transmission biology of mosquito-borne arboviruses, with emphasis on La Crosse encephalitis virus.

    From 1978 onward, he also conducted research and an educational outreach program on the human use of insects as a global food resource. As part of this latter program, he founded (in 1988) and served as editor for the first eight years of The Food Insects Newsletter, which addresses nutritional, economic and environmental implications of insects as traditional foods in many developing countries.

    Relative to insects as food, he initiated and taught a new course for Entomology 364 (one credit) titled: “The Human Use of Insects as Food and Animal Feed” in 1991. He taught the course twice after his retirement, in 1993 and 1995.

    Committee Work

    During his 32 years on the active faculty at UW, Gene served on the Executive Committee, Faculty Biological Division (1979-1982), 4 years as a member of the NIH (National Institutes of Health) Study Section on Tropical Medicine and Parasitology (1975-1979), and periodically as a grant consultant or in other capacities for CDC (National Communicable Disease Center), Atlanta, Georgia; Canada Department of Health and National Welfare, National Geographic and others. He served in 1971-72 as Chairman of the Entomological Society of America’s (ESA) Section of Medical and Veterinary Entomology.

    Public Speaking

    Dr. DeFoliart filled many speaking engagements, one of the more notable being as banquet speaker for the 100th Anniversary Celebration of the New York Entomological Society at the Explorers Club, New York City, in May 1992, using the title, “Insects are Food: Where has the Western World Been?” In October, 2003, in Cincinnati, Ohio and December, 2010, in San Diego, California symposiums were held honoring his work on insects as a global food resource as part of national meetings of the Entomological Society of America.

    Graduate Students

    Graduate students under Gene’s direction earned 10 Master’s degrees and 24 PhDs.

    Honors and Awards

    In 1976 Gene became the third recipient of the Award of Merit presented by the North Central States Branch of the ESA. In 1998 he was awarded the Hoogstraal Medal by the American Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene for outstanding achievement in medical entomology.

    Death

    Dr. DeFoliart died on January 3, 2013.

    The Food Insects Newsletter are archived here. Volumes 1 – 8(2), 1988-1995, the first 20 issues and somewhat more than 200 pages of Newsletter text. The content here is the result of scanning printed documents for archival purposes.

    Volumes I through VIII(2)

    Editor: Gene DeFoliart

    Volume 1, No. 1 – July 1988

    Article:
    What is  The Food Insects Newsletter? (pp. 1-2)
    Program profile:
     The food insects research and development project at the University of Wisconsin (p. 2)
    Book reviews:
     Los insectos como fuente de proteinas en el futuro [Insects as a source of protein in the future], by Dr. Julieta Ramos-Elorduy de Conconi, 1982 (Mexico) (p.3)
     Edible insects of the world [in Japanese], by Dr. Jun Mitsuhashi, 1984 (Japan) (p. 4)
    Recently in the popular press:
     Caterpillars find their way to city restaurants [Zimbabwe] (p. 4)
     Harvest from the sky; joy as hopper swarms arrive [Zimbabwe] (p.4)
    Short items:  [mopanie caterpillars in Zimbabwe] (p. 5); Still speaking of mopanie worms [in Botswana] (p.5); Thailand and Nepal (p.5)

    Volume 1, Number 2 – November 1988


    Articles:
      A query: are processed insect food products still commercially available in the United States? (pp. 1, 6)
      Rice with cooked wasps: an Emperor Hirohito’s favorite dish, by Dr. J. Mitsuhashi (Tokyo University of Agriculture) (p. 2)
    Book review:
      Why not eat insects?, by Vincent Holt, 1885 [1988 reprint by the British Museum
         (Natural History) (p. 3)
    Recently in the popular press:
     [media response to a University of Wisconsin news release] (p.4)
     Pesticides in food – new twist to an old problem [locust swarms in Saudi Arabia] (p.4)
    Short item:
     Ecologically speaking [mention of data by Dr. David Pimentel (Cornell University)
       Comparing arthropod to livestock biomass in kg/ha in the U.S.] (p. 4)
    Miscellaneous:  First Ethnobiology Congress a success (p. 5)

    Volume 2, No. 1 – March 1989

    Articles:
          Preliminary comments on federal regulations pertaining to insects as food, by P.M.     Brickey, Jr. and Dr. J.R. Gorham (Food and Drug Admin., Washington, DC ) (pp. 1, 7)     Tenebrionidae and quinines (p. 6)
    Program profile:
     Research on insects as animal feed in El Salvador, by Gerardo Larde (Inst.      
        Salvadoreno de Invest. Del Café, El Salvador) (pp. 2, 8)
    Book review:
     Entertaining with insects. Or: the original guide to insect cookery, by Dr. R.L.    
       Taylor and B. J. Carter, 1976 [U.S.] (pp. 3-4)
    Recently in the popular press:
     Eat locusts, don’t poison them – scientist  [Dr. John Ledger,  Endangered Wildlife 
       Trust, S. Africa] (p. 4)
    Editor’s corner: [the theory behind Sustaining Patrons explained] (p. 2)
    Short items:
     The eighth plague returneth! The locusts are coming! [excerpted from an article in   African Wildlife by John Ledger] (pp. 4-5)
     Booming new industry: everybody is trying to build a mechanical `bug catcher’ (pp. 5-6)

    Volume 2, No.2

     Articles:
     International conference scheduled on insects as food and animal feed [later
       canceled] (pp. 1, 5)
     Cutting down on the pesticides: meat and egg producing animals as bio-control
       agents (pp. 1, 8)    
     Entomophagy in the movies, by Dr. J.W. Mertins (Ames, Iowa) (pp. 2, 6)
    Magazine article reviewed:
     A grasshopper in every pot, by Dr. David B. Madsen in Natural History (New York) [hunter-gatherers were sometimes very labor-efficient] (p. 3)
    Letter:
     A letter from Louisiana State University – “It takes real men . . . [to eat quiche] (p. 3)
    Recently in the popular press:  Mexico still paradise . . . [pre-Hispanic food] (p. 4)  More salsa . . . [pre-Hispanic food] (p. 4)
    Recipe:  Mealworm quiche, by Michelle Cooper (Louisiana State University) (p. 7)

    Volume 2, No. 3 – November 1989

    Articles:
     Chitin: a magic bullet?, by Dr. W.G. Goodman (University of Wisconsin-Madison) (pp. 1, 6-7)                                                      
     The identity of grasshoppers used as food by native American tribes (pp. 3, 5, 8)
    Program profile:
         The application of industrial technology for products of insects as food, by Dr. Robert     Kok (Macdonald College of McGill University, Canada) (pp. 2, 10)
    Recent technical papers:
         Vitamin estimations of three edible species of Attacidae caterpillars from Zaire, by K.K.     Kondondi et al in Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. (p. 4)
         The food value of the larvae of Anaphe venata Butler     (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), by M.O. Ashiru in Ecol. Food Nutr. (p. 4)
     The status of studies on feed insects in China [in Chinese], by Ke Luo in Kunchong Zhishi (pp. 4, 8)
    Recipes:     Two easy grasshopper recipes (p. 3)

    Volume 3, No. 1 – March 1990

    Article:    
     Cholesterol and insects, by Dr. Karla S. Ritter (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
       (pp. 1, 5, 8)
    Program profile:
     Honey ants and Australian Aborigines, by Dr. John R. Conway (University of  Scranton, Pennsylvania) (p. 2)
    Monograph review:
         Insects as food: aboriginal entomophagy in the Great Basin, by Dr. Mark Q. Sutton in  Ballena Press Anthropological Papers (pp. 3-4, 6-7)
    Letters:
     This cat is more than a mouser [preying on Spodoptera litura larvae in India] (p. 6)  Processed insects in China  (p. 6)
    Recipe:  Crispy Cajun crickets (p.2)

    Volume 3, No. 2 – July 1990

    Article:
      Hypothesizing about palm weevil and palm rhinoceros beetle larvae as traditional
        cuisine, tropical waste recycling, and pest and disease control on coconut and other palms – can they be integrated?  (pp. 1, 3-4, 6)
    Recent technical papers:
     Investigations on some factors affecting larval growth in a coffee-pulp bed, by G. Larde in Biol. Wastes  (p. 5)
    Use of a four-parameter logistic model to evaluate the quality of the protein from three insect species when fed to rats, by Dr. M.D. Finke et al (UW-Madison) in J. Nutr. (p. 5)
    Magazine article reviewed:
     Putting insects on the Australian menu, by Graham Irvine in Food Australia (p. 2)
    Letters: Food insect consumption in India (p. 8); American tourists try Aztec cuisine (p. 8)
    Short items:
     Living it up on Canadian television [an insect dinner] (p. 5)
     The Research Institute of  Insect Resources in Yunnan Province, China [edible insects used in Yunnan Province] (p. 6)
     Invertebrate animal care and conservation (p. 7)
    Recipe: Cameroon cuisine – larves de palmier [palm larvae] (p. 3)

    Volume 3, No. 3 – November 1990

    Articles:
     Bakuti – a Nepalese culinary preparation of giant honey bee brood, by Dr. Michael
       Burgett (Oregon State Univ., Corvallis) (p. 1)
     When Chicago braced for the onslaught of the 17-year cicada [with recipes] (pp. 3, 5)
     Collecting ant pupae for food, by Dr. Gregg Henderson (UW-Madison) (p. 5)
    Recent technical paper:
     Muscovy ducks as an adjunct for the control of the house fly (Diptera: Muscidae), by
       B.D. Glofcheskie and Dr. G.A. Surgeoner in J. Econ. Entomol. (p. 5)
    Letters: Insect consumption in Nigeria (p. 4); Insect consumption in Zambia (p. 4)
     To taste a bee (p. 4)
    Short items:
     Insect extravaganza at Iowa State University (p. 2)
     Pass the chitin, please (p. 4)
     Publication announcement [Proceedings of the First International Congress of  
       Ethnobiology] (p. 6)
     Tentative venture into buying, selling, exchanging [specimens and slides for teaching relative to edible insects, but nothing resulted from it as yet] (p. 7)
     How to read your address label (p. 7)
    Miscellaneous:  [Newsletter gets good review in Whole Earth Review] (p. 6)

    Volume 4, No. 1 – 1991

    Article:
     Insect fatty acids: similar to those of poultry and fish in their degree of unsaturation, but higher in the polyunsaturates (pp. 1-4)
    Letters:  From the Peace Corps in Kenya (p.5);  With a Peace Corps Volunteer in Zaire (p. 5); Palm weevils in Costa Rica (p. 5); Getting it straight on the difference between mescal and pulque (p. 6) ; Thanks, but no more honey bee cookies, please (p. 6); Hoping to enlarge on the Tanzania experience (p. 6)
    Short items:
     Pre-Hispanic Foods of Mexico Exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution (p. 7)
     Another TV bash [insect dinner in New Zealand] (p. 7)
     McGrasshoppers in Montana [includes a recipe] (p. 8)

    Volume 4, No. 2 – July 1991

    Articles:
     Forest management for the protection of edible caterpillars in Africa (pp. 1-2)
     Edible caterpillars – a potential agroforestry resource?, by Dr. Stein Holden (Misamfu Regional Research Station, Kasama, Zambia) (pp. 3-4)
     The eating of stick insects by humans, by Dr. D.K. McE. Kevan (Beaconsfield, Canada)     (p. 7)
    Book review:
      Les insectes comme aliments de l’homme [Insects as food for man], by Tango Muyay, 1981. Zaire (pp. 5-6, 8)
    Recent technical paper:
     Continedo calorico de algunos insectos comestibles de Mexico [Caloric content of some edible insects of Mexico], by Dr. Julieta Ramos-Elorduy and Dr. Jose M. Pino Moreno in Rev. Soc. Quim. Mex. (p. 10)
    Letters: [three letters from U.S. citizens citing experiences with edible insects in Mexico,  Papua New Guinea and Uganda, respectively] (p. 9)
    Short items:
     Open House at the San Francisco Zoo (p. 7)
     Tarsal pads down, ants prefer silkworm pupae [in experimental ant baits] (p. 8)
     [New commercial product – tequila-flavored lollipop containing a beetle larva] (p. 9)

    Volume 4, No. 3 – November 1991

    Articles:
     Toward a recipe file and manuals on “How to Collect” edible wild insects in North  
       America  (pp. 1, 3-4, 9)
     Notes on entomophagy in the Philippines, by Dr. Chris Starr (University of the West Indies, Trinidad, W.I.)  (pp. 2, 12)
     Insects in Chinese medicine, by T.H. Slone (Berkeley, CA) (p. 5)
     They ate what? (catching up on the magazines) (pp. 7-8, 11)
    Recent technical papers:
     Nutrition and health in China, by Dr. Sachi Sri Kantha in Progress in Food and
       Nutrition Sci.  (p. 6)
     Mass and component balances for insect production, by Dr. R. Kok et al in Canadian Agricultural Engineering (p. 6)
     Comparison of diets for mass-rearing Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as a novelty food, and comparison of food conversion efficiency with values reported for     livestock, by Drs. Barbara J. Nakagaki and G.R. DeFoliart in J. Econ. Entomol. (pp. 6,     11)
    Editor’s Corner: prodigious growth in Newsletter circulation (p. 2)
    Letter: . . . But, the Indians were ahead of the Ohioans [in eating cicadas] (p. 12)
    Short items:
     Insect cuisine will make it to the Waldorf Astoria during the New York Entomological  Society’s 100th Anniversary celebration  (p. 1)
     Japanese scientists visit U.S. and Canada on fact-finding mission [edible insects](p. 9)

    Volume 5, No. 1 – March 1992

    Article:
     Agrecol Corporation exploring the U.S. marketability of insect food products (pp. 1, 9)
    Recent technical papers:
     Why not eat insects, by R.I. Vane-Wright in Bull. Entomol. Res. (p. 4)
     House-fly pupae as poultry manure converters for animal feed: a review, by Dr. A.R. El Boushy in Bioresource Technol. (pp. 4, 8)
         Contribution des insects comestibles a l’amelioration de la ration alimentaire au     Kasi-Occidental [The importance of edible insects in Western Kasi Region, Zaire], by Katya     Kitsa in Zaire-Afrique (p. 8)
    Book review:
         Los insectos comestibles en el mexico antiguo [Edible insects in old Mexico], by Dr.     Julieta Ramos-Elorduy and Jose M. Pino Moreno, 1989  (p. 3)
    Catching up on the newspapers:
     [items from Zaire, Wyoming, Canada, Australia (2)] (pp. 6-7)
    Short items:
     Book again available: Entertaining With Insects (p. 7)
     Directory finally issued (p. 9)
     Having a party? [yellow jacket larvae] (p. 10)
     Edible insects in your future – and maybe sooner than you think [From the book, More Future Stuff: Over 250 Inventions That Will Change Your Life by 2001] (p. 10)
    Miscellaneous:  The Malawi Cookbook (p. 2)

    Volume 5, No. 2 – July 1992

    Articles:
     The New York Bug Banquet – a day to remember  (pp. 1-2, 10)
     Large-scale feed production from animal manures with a non-pest fly, by Dr. D.C.
       Sheppard (University of Georgia Coastal Plain Expt. Sta., Tifton)  (pp. 2, 6)
     Yellow jackets anyone? A new, easily collected taste treat, by Dr. Roger D. Akre
       (Washington State Univ, Pullman)  (p. 5)
    Recent technical paper:
     Recycling coffee pulp by Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae, by G.
       Larde in Biological Wastes  (p. 8)
    Letters:
     Traditional conservation of wild fruit trees (and associated larvae) endangered in Africa (p. 6)
     Peace Corps Volunteers in Congo  (p. 6)
    From the popular press:
     The chef’s view of the New York Banquet [with a recipe for worm fritters]  (p. 7)
    Short items:
     Eucheira socialis – another edible insect which indigenous people are trying to protect from ecological destruction [in Mexico]  (p. 4)
     Book notice [Ecology and management of food-industry pests] edited by J.R. Gorham (p. 4)
     From South Africa: don’t forget traditional foods! [Primary Health Care Booklet] (p. 4) [Announcement that Entertaining With Insects will be reprinted] (p. 5)
     Sky prawns and other dishes: the food of the future [from Expat World]  (p. 8)

    Volume 5, No. 3 – November 1992

    Articles:
     Toward filling in some gaps in the global inventory of edible insects  (pp. 1, 11)
     The Bogong moth of Australia  (p. 3)
    Recent technical paper:
     Further experiments in native food procurement, by Kevin T. Jones and David B.
       Madsen in Utah Archaeol.  (p. 2)
    Editor’s Corner:  Who will write the field guides?  (pp. 2, 11)
    Recently in the popular press:
     Cutworm moths aid in the comeback of the of the threatened grizzly bear  (p. 3)
     Chinese scientists say eat your ants  (p. 4)
     May we have a third opinion, please  [about sago grubs]  (p. 4)
     Fried grasshoppers at the Utah State Fair  (p. 4)
     Mexican insect delicacies as seen through the eyes of a campesino  (p. 5)
    Short items:
     Commercial sources of mealworms, waxworms, crickets  (p. 6)
     Buffalo Museum of Science will sponsor public lecture on edible insects (p. 6)
     Newsletter goes to 73 countries  (p. 10)
     High-caliber journalism on edible insects in high gear  (p. 12)
    Miscellaneous: Table of contents for Volumes 1-5  (pp. 7-9)

    Volume 6, No. 1 – March 1993

    Articles:
     Food conversion efficiencies of insect herbivores, by Dr. Richard l. Lindroth
        (University of Wisconsin- Madison) (pp. 1, 9); Follow-up interview with Dr.
        Lindroth (pp. 9-11)
    Recent technical paper:
     Life and seasonal histories of the eri silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini  Hutt.
       (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in Chitwan, Nepal, by F.P. Neupane et al, in J. Inst.
       Agric. Anim. Sci.     (p. 2)
    Editor’s Corner:     [on the advantages of insects as minilivestock]  (pp. 2, 11)
    Letters:
     Grasshopper consumption by humans and free-range chickens reduces
         pesticide use in The Philippines  (p. 3)
      Insect condiments for North Americans (p. 3)
      A first record of  edible insects used in Macau? (p. 3)
      The San Francisco Insect Zoo’s 14th Annual Open House (p. 3)
      Reader  suggests palm weevil culture has economic potential in Indonesia
        (pp. 3-4)
      The medicinal ant, Polyrhachis, facing extinction in China? (p. 4)
      A Canadian reports difficulty in finding insect delicacies in China (pp. 4, 8)
      Newsletter connects with the world of “rock” (p. 8)
      For insect cuisine in the Washington DC area – go to The Insect Club (p. 8)
    A basketful of newspaper articles sent in by readers:
      In Mexico – insect-fortified tortillas (p. 5)
      In Colombia – for Tukanoans, it’s yes to insects, no to chicken (p. 5)
      China – an investment in  the health field [eating termites for health] (p. 5)
      Zambia – where armyworms are appreciated; maybe Kenya could export theirs
        (pp. 5-6)
      The Philippines – hard times in the Cordilleras: back to insect-eating (p. 6)
      From Thailand – everything you want to know about the giant water bug (pp. 6, 8)
    Short items:     A book, Eri Silk Industry (p. 7)
      A request for information [from the BBC Natural History Unit (p. 7)
      Insect snacks part of ESA’s Insect Expo in Baltimore (p. 7)
      Entomological Society of Canada looking for recipes for its annual meeting
         (p. 12)
      The Ralph M. Parsons Insect Zoo [Los Angeles County] presents its annual
         insect fair (p. 12)

    Volume 6, No. 2 – July 1993

    Articles:
         The     Insect Club [a Washington DC restaurant] (pp. 1, 11)
        Recent technical papers:
          The natural history, sociobiology, and ethnobiology of Eucheira     socialis
                 Westwood (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), a unique and little-known butterfly from
             Mexico, by P.G. Kevan     and R.A. Bye, in The Entomologist (p. 2)
          Retinol a-tocopherol and proximate nutrient composition     of invertebrates used
             as feed,       By M. Pennino et al, in Int. Zoo (p. 2)
          Insects as human food . . . some nutritional and economic     aspects, by G.R.
            DeFoliart, in Crop     Protect. (p. 2)
        Short items:
          Eating palm-weevil larvae larvae in Trinidad (an extract from     Leon Provancher)
             (p. 3)   
          Remember those chocolate-covered ants? They’re still around     but a lot harder to
             find   (pp.     3-4)
          Annual Review of Entomology article on biocontrol recognizes     the food
             importance of insects     (p. 4)
          According to tradition, a large edible insect was a favorite     food of early
              Hawaiians (p.6)
          About the edibility of spiders (p. 6)
          From Papua New Guinea – more about the sago grub (p. 6)
          [Chimpanzees collect soldier termites the same way people do]     (p. 6)
          Locust and grasshopper populations plague Mexico (p. 9)
          First record of Pawnee Indians eating grasshoppers? (p. 9)
          World Conservation Monitoring Centre      (p. 10)
          Wisconsin entomologists give “thumbs-up” to “Pupae     Puffs” [wasp pupae] (p. 10)
          Another round of free publicity for Don Chon’s in Mexico     City (p. 10)
          The Buffalo Museum’s big event took a hit, but ultimately     triumphed over the
             “storm of     the century” (p. 12)
        Magazine article translated from Spanish:
          Eating ants . . . , by Susan Contesti, in Cambio     [translation by Kevan Krajick of
          Newsweek]  (p.     5)
        Letters:
          In Congo – trying to undo the effects of imported Western     bias (p. 7)
          In Papua New Guinea – also trying to undo Western bias (p.7)
          Insect tasting display and open house at Kansas State     University gets press
             coverage (p.     7)
          More U.S. cookbooks to include insects in the future? (p.      7)
          From a student (fifth grader?) in Delaware (p. 7)
          From an 8th grade Science Fair winner in Toledo,     Ohio (pp. 7-8)
          From a graduate student at the University of Arizona [with a     recipe for
             “Caterpillar Crunch”]     (p. 8)
          University student in England designing “packaging” for     edible insects (p. 8)

     Volume 6, No. 3 – November 1993 

    Articles:
    Sequestered plant toxins and     insect palatability, by Dr. May R. Berenbaum
           (University     of Illinois- Urbana) (pp.     1,  6-9)
        Insects and the feeding of zoo animals, by Dr. Ellen S. Diernfeld      (Bronx Zoo,
           New York) (pp. 1,     10-11)
        Editor’s Corner    : Financial status of the Newsletter (p. 2)
        Short items:     China’s fantastic women runners train on hepialid     caterpillars (p. 3)
        Escargots in your garden (in Mother Earth News) (p. 3)
        Cultural Entomology Digest     (announcement of Vol. 1) (p. 9)
        The Montreal Insectarium again offers insect treats (p. 12)
        Australian entomologists grub out (p. 12)
        The Newsletter goes to 82 countries (p. 12)
        Letters:     The New York Bug Banquet revisited (re-staged for Japanese TV     (p. 4)
        Americans and others abroad sample a variety of insect delicacies (p. 4)
        Protein-fortified guava juice? (p. 4)
        Edible wilds soon to include more than botanical foraging (p. 4)
        Letters from and/or about U.S. students (pp. 4, 5)
        Letters from Peace Corps Volunteers in Ivory Coast (p. 5)
        In Burkina Faso – the guerba caterpillar and the sheanut tree (p. 5)
        Arthropod foods in Chinese restaurants (p. 5)
        More about palm weevil larvae (p. 5)
        Recent magazine articles reviewed:
        Why don’t you eat insects?, by Janet Fricker, in Focus: the world in     perspective
                (p. 11)
        The last hunt: on the trail with Paraguay’s forest people, by Stephen     Homer, in
            Nature Conservancy          (p. 11)

    Volume 7, No. 1 – March 1994

    Articles:
    The limits of entomophagy: a     discretionary gourmand in a world of toxic insects,
           by Dr.     Murray S. Blum (University     of Georgia, Athens) (pp. 1, 6-11) 
        Short items:     More about cutworm moths and grizzly bears (p. 2)
        New entomology textbook devotes space to entomophagy (p. 2)
        TV company seeks stories about food insects (p. 3)
        Directory supplement mailed in March (p. 5)
        Paiute youths eating burgers and fries instead of ant pudding, laments a     tribal
           elder (p. 7)
        Three little books that are different: Criier Cuisine, Dreadful     Delicacies,
           Conversations     With Bugs         (p. 12)
        Letters:     They’re olins – not sandwiches! (p. 3)
        Further proof, if needed, that we aren’t error-free (p. 3)
        Adding to the growing dialogue on palm weevils (p. 3)
        Delicious tacos (p. 3)
        The Chinese hepialid caterpillar identified (p. 3)
        Recent articles in professional journals:
        Some edible insects of Kwara State, Nigeria, by J.O. Fasoranti and D.O.     Ajiboye,
           in Am.     Entomologist     (p. 4)
        Use of insects by Australian aborigines, by R.H. Cherry, in Amer.     Entomologist
               (pp. 4, 5)
        Native Americans in California surveyed on diets, nutrition needs, by J.     Ikeda et
           al    , in     Calif.      Agric. (p. 5)
        Waxworm     fritters (and other edible delights), by Gail Damerow, in Bee Culture 
          (p. 5)

    Volume 7, No. 2 – July 1994

    Articles:
        Ants used as food and medicine in China, by Yi Chen and Roger D. Akre
          (Washington State     University, Pullman) (pp. 1, 8-10)
        Recent technical papers:
        Economic incentives for conservation: bee-keeping and Saturniidae     caterpillar
           utilization     Byrural communities, by S.M.     Munthali and D.E.C. Mughogho, in
           Biodiversity and     Conservation     (pp. 1-2)
        Model for use in mass-production of Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera:     Gryllidae)
           as food,     by M.N. Parajulee et al,     in J. Econ. Entomol. (p. 4)
        Efficacy of Muscovy ducks as an adjunct for house fly (Diptera: Muscidae)     control
           in     swine and dairy operations,     by B.D. Glofcheskie and G.A. Surgeoner, in
           J. Econ. Entomol.     (p. 4)
        Magazine article reprinted:
        A swarm of tasty treats, by Kevan Krajick, in Newsweek (International     Edition) 
          (pp. 3-4)
        New book notice:
        Poultry Feed from Waste: Processing and Use    , by A.R. El Boushy and A.F.B.
           van der     Poel (Agricultural     University, Wageningen, The Netherlands) (p. 4)
        Newspaper articles:
        From newspapers here, there and everywhere – chronologically [items from      the
          Papua New Guinea Post-Courier, The Baltimore Sun, Wisconsin State
          Journal, The Wall Street Journal, The Globe and Mail     (Canada),     Casper 
          Star-Tribune (Wyoming), Arkansas Times, San     Francisco Chronicle/Examiner,
          San Francisco Chronicle     (pp. 5, 10-11)
        Letters:     Canadians gobbling up those insects, with a recipe (p. 6)
        Newsletter gets a very nice compliment from a reader      (p. 6)
        Attention stamp collectors (p. 6)
        A PCV gets first taste of termites in Kenya (p. 7)
        They eat insects in New Zealand, too (p. 7)
        More about naturally protein-fortified guava juice (p. 7)
        From the student section (p. 7)
        Book reviewed (briefly):
        Black Islanders: A Personal Perspective of Bougainville 1937-1991, by     Douglas
           Oliver,     University of Hawaii Press (p. 12)

    Volume 7, No. 3 – November 1994    

    Articles and follow-ups:
        Some insect foods of the American Indians: and how the early whites reacted     to
           them     (pp. 1-2, 10-11)
        Some follow-up discussion Professor Berenbaum’s article on the     sequestering of
           plant toxins by     insects (pp. 5-6, 8)
        Insects as remedies for illneses in Zaire, by Tango Muyay Flavien Antonio
          (CEEBA,     Bandundu, Zaire) (pp. 3-4)
        A newspaper (Baltimore Sun) article reprinted:
        One man’s pest is another’s delicacy: people swarm to sample bugs, by     Shirley
           Leung     (p. 7)
        Short items:
        It was an all-around great day for edible insects at Oregon Ridge Nature     center
          (pp. 7-8)
        Commercial sources of edible insects (p. 8)
        Teens in Dubai get high on ants (p. 8)
        Several other short items (p. 11)
        Letters:      Ants a $100     million business in China (p. 9)
        Morton Bay Bugs aren’t bugs (p. 9)
        Edible insects gaining educationally (p. 9)

    Volume 8, No. 1 – March 1995

    Articles:
    Working Papers -The Human Use of Insects as Food in Uganda (ppo 1, 10) 
    In the Philippines, local press coverage of locust control efforts -spraying and/or eating (pp. 3-4)
    Editor’s Corner: 
    Introduces the next editor of the Newsletter, Dr. Florence Dunkel of Montana State University, to take
      over with the November 1995 issue, Vol. 8, No.3 
    Short items: 
    Ever wonder how to cook a stick insect? (p. 4) Saving the Mopanie Worm (p.6) Crowley’s Ridge
       mosquito cookies seem far out, but there are parallels in Africa (p. 9) 1994 was another good year  
       for U.S. press coverage of edible insects (p. 11) Two commercial sources of edible insects (p. 11 )
       Newsletter selected for inclusion in The Millennium Whole Earth Catalog (p. 12) 
    Letters:     
    A case of ingestant allergy from eating a grasshopper (p. 5) A remark on the ngankoy of Zaire (p. 5)
       The ultimate endorsement of edible insects -Colorado school kids eat the “worms” and leave the
        fritters (p. 6) Another bug dinner in the offing (in The Netherlands) (p. 6) 
    Recent technical papers: 
    Honey ants, by J.R. Conway, in Amer. Entomologist (p. 7) 
    The revival of rice-field grasshoppers as human food in South Korea, by R. W. Pemberton, in
       Pan-Pacific Entomologist (p.7) 
    Wild silks of the world, by R.S. Peigler, in Amer. Entomologist (pp. 7- 8) Non-sericultural uses of moth
       cocoons in diverse cultures, by R. S. Peigler, in Proc. Denver Mus. Nat. Hist. (po 8) 
    Chinese caterpillar fungus and world record runners, by D.C. Steinkraus and J.B. Whitfield, in Amer. Entomologist (p. 8)

    Volume 8, No. 2 – July 1995

    Article:
    Allergies Related to Food Insect Production and Consumption, by I. Phillips and W. Burkholder
       (University of Wisconsin-Madison) (pp. 1-2,4)
    Program announcement:
    International Symposium on Biodiversity in Agriculture, in Beijing, China (p. 3)
    Short items: Downed U.S. flyer in Bosnia survives on insects (p. 2)
    While the editor slept, the periodical cicadas prepared to emerge (p. 4)
    How about doing something different, like dining out in Mexico! Si? (p. 9)
    Hotlix adds to its insect snacks product line (p. 11)
    FDA’s Gorham retires (p. 12)
    Recent technical papers:
    Anaphe venata entomophagy and seasonal ataxic syndrome in southwest Nigeria, by B.
       Adamolekun, in The Lancet (p. 5)
    Epidemiological studies of the etiology of a seasonal ataxia in Nigerians, by B. Adamolekun, in
       Neurobiology (p. 5)
    Insects as food in Papua New Guinea, by C. W .L. Mercer, in Invertebrates (Minilivestock) Farming
       (pp. 5, 8)
    Sago grub production in Labu swamp near Lae -Papua New Guinea, by C. W .L. Mercer, in Klinkii (p.
      8)
    Edible insects as minilivestock, by G.R. DeFoliart, in Biodiversity and Conservation (pp. 8, 10) Oligidic diets for culture of Rhynchophorus cruentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae ), by T.J. Weissling
       and R.M. Giblin-Davis, in Florida Entomologist (pp. 10-11)
    Letters:
    Little boys are made of. ..little girls are made of. ..kungus made of. ..(p. 6)
    Early alert for upcoming BBC productions (p. 6)
    Insights and a research request from Namibia (pp. 6- 7)
    University students and entomophagy in Papua New Guinea (p. 7)
    To heck with modesty! No editor can resist printing letters like these (p. 11)
    From the student section- students think for themselves (p. 11)
    How to order at least the essence of Thai giant water bug (p. 11)

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