Gene R. DeFoliart
Professor Emeritus
Gene R. DeFoliart (1925-2013) was a professor in the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Entomology from 1959 until his retirement in 1991.

Education and Prior Work
After earning his Ph.D. at Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, he served eight years 1951-1959 on the faculty of the University of Wyoming in Laramie. In March, 1959 he arrived as associate professor of entomology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He became a full professor in 1966 and twice served as Chair of the Department of Entomology, from 1968 to 1976 and from January 1982 to December 1983.
Research
His teaching and research field was medical and veterinary entomology, and for the last 25 years at the UW before his retirement July 1, 1991, the research program focused on the vector transmission biology of mosquito-borne arboviruses, with emphasis on La Crosse encephalitis virus.
From 1978 onward, he also conducted research and an educational outreach program on the human use of insects as a global food resource. As part of this latter program, he founded (in 1988) and served as editor for the first eight years of The Food Insects Newsletter, which addresses nutritional, economic and environmental implications of insects as traditional foods in many developing countries.
Relative to insects as food, he initiated and taught a new course for Entomology 364 (one credit) titled: “The Human Use of Insects as Food and Animal Feed” in 1991. He taught the course twice after his retirement, in 1993 and 1995.
Committee Work
During his 32 years on the active faculty at UW, Gene served on the Executive Committee, Faculty Biological Division (1979-1982), 4 years as a member of the NIH (National Institutes of Health) Study Section on Tropical Medicine and Parasitology (1975-1979), and periodically as a grant consultant or in other capacities for CDC (National Communicable Disease Center), Atlanta, Georgia; Canada Department of Health and National Welfare, National Geographic and others. He served in 1971-72 as Chairman of the Entomological Society of America’s (ESA) Section of Medical and Veterinary Entomology.
Public Speaking
Dr. DeFoliart filled many speaking engagements, one of the more notable being as banquet speaker for the 100th Anniversary Celebration of the New York Entomological Society at the Explorers Club, New York City, in May 1992, using the title, “Insects are Food: Where has the Western World Been?” In October, 2003, in Cincinnati, Ohio and December, 2010, in San Diego, California symposiums were held honoring his work on insects as a global food resource as part of national meetings of the Entomological Society of America.
Graduate Students
Graduate students under Gene’s direction earned 10 Master’s degrees and 24 PhDs.
Honors and Awards
In 1976 Gene became the third recipient of the Award of Merit presented by the North Central States Branch of the ESA. In 1998 he was awarded the Hoogstraal Medal by the American Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene for outstanding achievement in medical entomology.
Death
Dr. DeFoliart died on January 3, 2013.
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1975. Insects as a Source of Protein. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 21(3): 161-163.
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1979. Is there a greater role for insects as food? Iowa Sci. Teachers Jour. 16(3): 30-31.
- DeFoliart, G.R., M.D. Finke, M.L. Sunde. 1982. Potential Value of the Mormon cricket (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) harvested as a high-protein feed for poultry. J. Econ. Entomol. 75(5): 848-852
- Finke, M.D., M.L. Sunde, G.R. DeFoliart. 1985. An evaluation of the protein quality of Mormon crickets (Anabrus simplex Haldeman) when used as a high protein feedstuff for poultry. Poult. Sci. 64: 708-712.
- Landry, S.V., G.R. DeFoliart, M.L. Sunde. 1986. Larval protein quality of six species of Lepidoptera (Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 79: 600-604.
- Finke, M.D., G.R. DeFoliart, N.J. Benevenga. 1987. Use of simultaneous curve fitting and a four-parameter logistic model to evaluate the nutritional quality of protein sources at growth rates of rats from maintenance to maximum gain. J. Nutr. 117: 1681-1688.
- Finke, M.D., G.R. DeFoliart, N.J. Benevenga. 1987. Use of a four-parameter logistic model to evaluate the protein quality of mixtures of Mormon cricket meal and corn gluten meal in rats. J. Nutr. 117: 1740-1750.
- Nakagaki, B.J., M.L. Sunde, G.R. DeFoliart. 1987. Protein quality of the house cricket, Acheta domesticus, when fed to broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 66: 1367-1371
- Finke, M.D., G.R. DeFoliart, N.J. Benevenga. 1989. Use of a four-parameter logistic model to evaluate the quality of the protein from three insect species when fed to rats. J. Nutr. 119: 864-871.
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1989. The human use of insects as food and as animal feed. Bul. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 35: 22-35.
- DeFoliart, G.R.1990. Insects as food in indigenous populations. In Ethnobiology: Implications and Applications (Eds., D.A. Posey et al) Vol. I, pp. 145-150. Proc. 1st Internat. Cong. Ethnobiol. (Belem, Brazil, 1988).
- Nakagaki, B.J., G.R. DeFoliart. 1991. Comparison of diets for mass-rearing Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as a novelty food, and comparison of food conversion efficiency with values reported for livestock. J. Econ. Entomol. 84(3): 891-896.
- DeFoliart, G.R.1992. Insects-an overlooked food resource. In Insect Potpourri: Adventures in Entomology (J. Adams, Ed.). Gainesville, FL: Sandhill Crane Press, pp. 44-48.
- DeFoliart, G.R.1992. Insects as human food: The editor discusses some nutritional and economic aspects. Crop Protect. 11: 395-399.
- Parajulee, M.N, G.R. DeFoliart. 1992. A simple method of heat supplementation for cricket mass-rearing in the absence of controlled-temperature equipment in developing countries. J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. (Rampur, Nepal) 13: 95-98.
- Parajulee, M.N., G.R. DeFoliart, D.B. Hogg. 1993. Model for use in mass-production of Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as food. J. Econ. Entomol. 86(5): 1424-1428.
- DeFoliart, G.R.1993. Hypothesizing about palm weevil and palm rhinoceros beetle larvae as traditional cuisine, tropical waste recycling, and pest and disease control on coconut and other palms-can they be integrated? Principes 37(1): 42-47. (Reprinted from The Food Insects Newsletter)
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1995. Edible insects as minilivestock. In Mini- and Microlivestock (Ed., J.E. Cooper), Biodiversity and Conservation 4: 306-321. (B & C is a quarterly international journal published in the U.K. which devoted an entire issue in 1995 to “Microlivestock.”)
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1997. An overview of the role of edible insects in preserving biodiversity. Ecol. Food Nutr. 36(2-4): 109-132. Also in Preserving Biodiversity, in Ecological Implications of Minilivestock – Potential of Insects, Rodents, Frogs and Snails (Maurizio G. Paoletti, ed), Science Publishers, Inc. C 2005.
- DeFoliart, G.R. 1999. Insects as food: why the Western attitude is important. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 44:21-50
- DeFoliart, G.R. 2003. Food, Insects as., In Encyclopedia of Insects (V.H. Resh, R.T. Cardi, eds), Academic Press
- DeFoliart, G.R., F. V. Dunkel, D. Gracer. 2009. The Food Insects Newsletter—Chronicle of a Changing Culture. Unabridged collection of the Food Insects Newsletter.